Prime Minister Modi's First Second-Term Visit

1.    Prime Minister Narendra Modi made the weekend visit to Bhutan on 17 and 18 August 2019. From the beginning everything looked out of the ordinary despite the fact that it was not the first state visit of his second-term in office unlike his last visit in June 2014. Not an issue. It was his first second-term visit to Bhutan, and he covered 13 progammes in 27 hours,  high energy exhibit by a regular yoga practitioner.

2.    On 9 August 2019 Indian Foreign Secretary Vijay Gokhale held a press briefing in New Delhi  "only for Bhutan visit”, first time ever if I am not mistaken. He indicated the programme of the visit and took few questions from the floor. The objective, he explained , was to diversify relationship from simply being based on hydropower to other areas where India wanted more cooperation and collaboration with Bhutan. Huh?

3.    The 11th Plan (2013-2018) development assistance of Rs 5,000 crore (Rs 50 billion), excluding hydropower funds, comprised: (i) project-tied assistance: Rs 2,800 crore (Rs 28 b), (ii) small development projects: Rs 850 crore (Rs 8.5 b), (iii) program grant (development subsidy): Rs 850 crore (Rs 8.5 b), and (iv) economic stimulus package: Rs 500 crore (Rs 5 b). So what was the relationship diversification beyond hydropower all about?

4.    Mr. Gokhale mentioned that India's commitment to 12th Five Year Plan (2018-2023)  was also  Rs 5,000 crore (Rs 50 b). In addition India was committed to provide Rs 400 crore (Rs 4 b)  during the Plan period for trade support facility to encourage Bhutanese to undertake more export to India.  Nothing out of the box.

5.  On 16 August 2019 Prime Minister Narendra Modi even issued Departure Statement prior to his visit to Bhutan mentioning “India and Bhutan enjoy excellent bilateral ties exemplified by our extensive development partnership, mutually beneficial hydro-power co-operation, and strong trade and economic linkages.  These are, reinforced by a shared spiritual heritage and robust people-to-people ties.” The Departure Statement, also first ever before Bhutan visit, sounded soothing smooth for both body and mind in view of  the heat that was being generated out of looming financial problem flagged by automobile sector's recent down-turn and Kashmir's special status withdrawal that also entrenched the state being turned into two union territories on territorial and also on religious grounds.

6.    And Indian Ambassadoor Ruchira Kamboj in Thimphu underlined that Mr. Modi’s visit may be seen as the continuum leading to a strengthened Indo-Bhutan partnership and also said,  “Bhutan has fully supported India in the reorganization of Jammu and Kashmir. In fact they have recognized that this is purely an internal matter of India. They have lauded it as very bold, courageous and forward-looking step that will ensure the socio-economic development of Jammu and Kashmir and also bring peace, progress and prosperity to the Union Territory.”  I did not understand the context but took that sometimes timing weighed in on connotation.

7.    On our side preparations in Thimphu for the Modi visit was way beyond normal VVIP "chadi" (welcome). Thimphu got face-lifted and strict security and traffic control were enforced. The roadside shops and vegetable vendors along the Paro–Thimphu highway and other routes were cleaned. The Memorial Chorten was closed for 24 hours. The "drayangs" (discotheques), karaokes, bars and night musics were closed on 16 and 17 August 2018. There were rumours circulating that even funerals may not be permitted on 17 and 18 August 2019. That may have to do with inconvenient location of the "dhuthroe" (crematorium) than people in mourning being treated as security risks. Plain, flat, colourful and on most accounts expensive red-carpet "chadi". We do not seem to use our brain much, except to make it look almost sycophantically awkward. Can we start from improving the official  Press Release? 

8.    Amid glitz and glamour Mangdechhu Hydroelectric Project was inaugurated. The 720 MW project was completed at the cost of Rs 5,012 crore (Rs 50.12 b), most cost effective hydropower project in south Asia (Mr. Gokhale's words). How much healing effect the cost effectiveness will instill into the negative sentiments the Bhutanese carry about Punatshangchu Hydroelectric Project -1 (PHPA-1) is anybody's guess. The release of stamp commemorating five decades of Indo-Bhutan Hydropower Cooperation marked a good symbolism but will  be of  no value in terms of offsetting the PHPA-1 skepticism.

9.    Prime Minister Modi launched RuPay card by making a purchase at Semtokha Dzong, not really a market place for digital transaction card use. The RuPay card will facilitate day-to-day digital payment at lower transaction cost in two phases: first  the Indian banks will issue the cards to Indian travelers to be used in Bhutan, and in second phase Bhutanese banks will issue the cards to Bhutanese for  use in India. 

10.    Mr. Modi also inaugurated Ground Station for the South Asian Satellite constructed at a cost of Rs 7 crore (Rs 70 million). The Ground Station will help Bhutan reap the benefits out of South Asia Satellite in the fields of public broadcasting, navigation and geographic information systems, earth observation, weather information, tele-medicine, resource mapping, and disaster relief (and even in tracking satellite movements and receiving data).  The space science and technology  in Bhutan need to move ahead in integrated manner and in tandem with overall development. It is knowledge intensive field.  Therefore the unveiling of the e-Plague for inter-connection between Indian National Knowledge Network (NKN) and Druk Research and Education Network (DrukREN) by Mr. Modi was also of high significance.

11.  Nine Memoranda of Understanding for cooperation in space research, aviation, IT, power and education were signed between:
(i)   Aircraft Investigation Unit, Ministry of Information & Communications of Bhutan, and Aircraft Accident and Investigation Bureau, Ministry of Civil Aviation of India;
(ii)   Royal University of Bhutan (RUB) and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay;
(iii)   RUB and IIT Delhi;
(iv)   RUB and IIT Kanpur;
(v)   RUB and National Institute of Information Technology (NIIT) Silchar;
(vi)   National Legal Institute of Bhutan and National Judicial Academy of India;
(vii)   Jigme Singye Wangchuck School of Law and National Law School of India University (NLSIU);
(viii)   Ministry of Information & Communications, and Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO); and
(ix)   Druk Research and Education Network, and National Knowledge Network of India.

The Power Purchase Agreement of Mangdechu Hydroelectric Project was also signed in the presence of two Prime Ministers.

12.    In the press conference in Semtokha Dzong, Mr Modi announced support for:

•  a multi-disciplinary super-specialty hospital (small boost to ruling Druk Nyamrup Tshogpa's good health plus good education equals good governance mantra),
•  an additional $100 million to be made available  to Bhutan under SAARC standby currency swap arrangement,
•  time extension  for keeping the 253-year-old statue of Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyel in Semtokha Dzong by another five years,
•  an increase of post-graduate scholarship intake in Nalanda University from two to five, and
•  an increase of subsidized Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) from 700 metric tons to 1,000 metric tons per month.

Nothing ground-breaking till now to match the "hallabulla".

13.  On 18 August 2019 Prime Minister Modi addressed the RUB Convention Hall audience reaching out directly to Bhutanese youth (and to the Bhutanese in general relaxing on Sunday morning). Listening to Mr. Modi speak to the students I got an initial impression that he was smooth and articulate in trying to carefully lay backdrop for the Bhutanese people to understand the new Indo-Bhutan friendship niche supported by above initiatives. It was important for him to make us understand vantage point from the closeness of history, culture and spiritual traditions  that have created unique and deep bonds between the peoples and nations. He even co-related his speech-base to how the Buddhist values of positivity, overcoming fear and living in oneness influenced him in writing his book, Exam Warriors, and connected to Bhutanese older generations in terms of having had at least one Indian teacher during their education (true). He said that it was therefore natural process that the people of the two countries experienced great attachment to each other.

14.    And then he went onto say India had biggest health coverage program, cheapest data connectivity in the world and how good and cost efficient had been the India's space program,  of which second moon mission Chandrayaan-2 was in space "right now". He said Bhutan is also on its way to having its own satellite. It was matter of great happiness that young Bhutanese scientists will travel to India to work on designing and launching Bhutan's own small satellite. 

15.    Thereafter the mystery (to me till then) got unfolded. Mr. Modi called  for "cooperation extensively in new frontiers " in education and space among others  that will have "direct impact on young". Every country has its own airspace. It is the portion of the atmosphere controlled by a country above its territory. So integrated airspace cooperation among south Asian countries is critical in the modern space age. Normally airspace should be considered as a single continuum, planned and used in a flexible way on a day-to-day basis by all categories of airspace users for which sharing data, structured planning and integration of airspace management are key considerations. This, in my view, was the new horizon. And in space we have no option to sit idle, unlike on ground.

16.     So Prime Minister Modi said, "Let no limitation constrain you. I want to tell you all - there is no better time to be young than now. The world today offers more opportunities than ever before. You have the power and potential to do extraordinary things that will impact generations to come. Find your real calling and pursue with full passion." Then he said, "As Bhutan soars high in its endeavours, your 1.3 billion Indian friends will not just look on and cheer you with pride and happiness. They will partner you, share with you and learn from you."  Mr. Modi looked comfortable and at ease all through, his body language showed.

17.    The message to youth is clear: here is the challenge for the Bhutanese young generation to do well in new fields with assurances of full cooperation from India all the way, without the need to worry about encroachment, whatsoever, into Bhutan's space, but with absolutely no room for failure.

18.     It is like telling us how and what to do  in space through integrated approach for deriving  full benefits in terms of tele-medicine, distance education, resource mapping, weather forecast and even natural disaster warning (and  also through satellite tracking and data reception), but the airspace is not to be left empty and unattended (period).

19.    In spite of all these if we do not succeed, India is not to be blamed. This is the flip-side. Therefore, PM Modi's challenge to young Bhutanese is as big as their future. This is the Indo-Bhutan relationship taken to new frontier and out of the box!!

How will India behave on roads?

1.   All Indian roads (including highways) cater to multi-way, multi-load, multi-dimension and multi-mix traffic and are most chaotic anywhere. The road traffic comprise children, youths, adults, elderlies, chickens, goats, cows, push-carts, bullock-carts, bicycles, motorcycles, cars, super-cars, buses, trucks and trailers of all shapes and sizes that move in multi-directions with no regard for any law, system and/or norm, leave aside traffic management and road safety regulations. Twenty rupees quietly slipped into the hand of a law enforcer will get you out of violation of normal traffic rule, interpretation of which varies from place to place. Driving opposite on a one-way road is nothing abnormal. So don’t you loose patience if you encounter someone driving directly at you on one-way street. Patience is tested to the limit.

2.   The road safety in India is huge. As per International Road Federation (IRF), India accounts for highest number of road deaths in the world. Every four minute, one person is killed because of a road accident. At present India accounts for solid 10% of global road accidents with more than 146,000 fatalities annually, the highest in the world. And the road accidents are costing Indian economy $8 billion or Rs 56,000 crore  every year. In my view this by no means is an actual figure.  Many accidents are not reported and all road accident costs (e.g., productive man-hour lost) are not fully captured in this figure. 

3.    These behavior, mindset and  situation can not go hand-in-hand with $5 trillion (no idea how much in crores of rupees) economy (third-largest in the world behind US and China) that India is pitching to become  by 2024. India needs to reform every sector and take a path to massive growth trajectory with overall mindset befitting to it. The recently approved India’s Union Budget 2019 bets on three main drivers to set the economy on the path of achieving $5 trillion target: massive infrastructure development, easing the credit squeeze and major structural changes in agriculture. 

4.    Infrastructure development is not just constructing physical structure. Road is an infrastructure, a physical structure. Road by itself does not give beneficial outcome of infrastructure development. You do not derive benefits just by constructing a road. The proper use of the road will give benefits. What good are the roads, even if they are of highest standards and specifications, if the above traffic disorders are to continue forever. The government of India (GOI) may kiss the dream of $5 trillion economy goodbye right away if there is no change in road behavior of the people. GOI knows it. 

5.    So Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act 2019 (the Act) is GOI's strategic move, a massively disruptive reform in trying to redirect peoples’ perception through behavioral re-engineering to a more discipline and organized India. In my view it will be no less than Goods and Services Tax (GST) if implemented rigorously. The Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act 2019 amends the provisions under the Motor Vehicles Act of 1988, had been under discussion  for quite some time and had even been passed by Lok Sabha (lower house of parliament) in April 2017. However, it could not get Rajya Sabha (upper house) clearance and lapsed with the dissolution of 16th Lok Sabha before the 2019 Indian general election of April/May. The amended Act has now been approved by Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha  on 30 July and 31 July 2019 respectively.

6.    The relevant amendments, among others, that concern Bhutanese drivers on Indian roads are the following:

Cost For Traffic Violations in India
Section	Offence	New Penalty (Rs)	Old Penalty (Rs)
181	Driving without a licence	5,000	500
194B	Not wearing a seat belt	1,000	100
179	Disobedience of orders of authorities	2,000	500
185	Drink and drive	10,000	2,000
194	Overloading of vehicles (truck)	20,000 (1st one ton) + 2,000 (every ton)	2,000 (1st one ton) +1,000 (every ton)
194A	Overloading of vehicles (Passenger)	1,000 per passenger	No provision
184	Dangerous driving	5,000	1,000
184	Mobile phone use while driving	5,000	1,000
194E	Not giving pass to emergency vehicles	10,000	No provision
189	Racing	5,000	500
183	Over-speeding (Light Vehicle)	1,000	400
183	Over-speeding (Heavy Vehicle)	2,000	400
134	Hit-and-run case (Death)	2,00,000	50,000
134	Hit-and-run case (Injury)	50,000	12,500
177A	Road regulation violation	500	100

7.    The road act/law has to have deterrent effect: first that the punishments imposed on offenders will deter or prevent that particular offender from committing further crimes, and second threat of penalty deter people from committing road safety offences. The earlier level of cost of traffic violations have had practically no major deterrent effect on general public. The penalty needs to be significant, not a paltry amount, that people feel the consequences of breaking the law and not find  themselves at ease to break the laws and pay fines or find unscrupulous means to get around to cover-up offences.

8.    In China if a driver is found to have blood alcohol content (BAC) over the allowable limit, the person will pay RMB 2,000 (Nu 20,000 equivalent) plus face 6 months suspension of driving licence. In South Africa it is up to 6 years jail and R120,000 (Nu 25,000) fine. In North America it is $50 (Nu 35,000) fine. In South Korea driving licence is suspended up to 1 year. All these are not intended to punish people but to discipline the road users in following road regulations and make people more responsible. The road regulations are aimed at inducing behavioral change for preventive awareness, not at punitive actions.

9.    Therefore, the choice for India is between (i) more forceful amendment of the Motor Vehicles Act of 1988 for stronger regulatory and penalty regime to bring about more enlightened road use, prevent road accidents and improve road safety aimed at eventual road users’ behavioral change, and (ii) keep status-quo with token penalty and let everyone abuse the system in chaotic bazaar where progressive innovations/ initiatives are entangled in anarchy and are deprived of disciplined, organized and progressive environment.

10.    In moving head with the Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act 2019, corruption increase near-term is obvious. Increased penalty will entail demand for higher amounts to let offenders go scot-free by rent-seekers/unscrupulous elements/corrupt officials. But then why would anyone pass a law that will encourage higher corruption? I do not believe the strategy can be so numb on corruption. Two issues are critical here: first, when there are less traffic violations (due to deterrent effect) the question of paying more illegally is little vain longer-term, and second the Act rests totally on how effective is its implementation.  Effective implementation will weed out corruption in due course. So, complete effort is meaningless if there is no strategy for its strong implementation. 

11.   The Act also stipulates that if the contractors or authorities fail to follow prescribed road designs and standards, and their failure results in injury or death of a person, they will be held responsible for the same. There was no such provision in the earlier act. This approach and strong dependency on digital media for monitoring road transport efficiency give the impression that GOI is far more serious this time around on the implementation of the Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act 2019. Till then, let's keep the fingers crossed!

The Difference: I Can Never Swallow

Let's start plain and simple. 

Kado and Nado are good friends in 1979. So are Chendu and Dhendu but in different time, 2019. Kado borrows from Nado Nu 10,000 and Dhendu lends same amount to Chendu. Just a 40-year time gap. Those who have been through both these years would have always felt the difference, but for others who have had not slightest of sensation of the contrast, it may just be a casual "So what? Time's changed". Yes, time's changed but so have "you" indifferently. The two scenes:

SCENE 1 (1979) Kado: We have had some difficult time this year. I cannot even say frankly. But I also have no other option. Nado: What happened? Is everything all right? I heard your wife was sick? Is she ok now? Kado: My wife was sick but now she seems to be getting better . But I still have to attend to her regularly. Nado: What's the problem? You tell me. How may I help you? Kado: (keeps quiet, his eyes fixed on floor) Nado: Can I help you with some money? You don't need to feel so bad. You can pay me back later. Kado: What can I say? Nado: How much you want? Kado: Any amount you say. Nado: Ok. Take Nu 10,000 now and if you need more, do not hesitate to come back. Kado: Thank you so much. I and my family will be ever grateful for your kindness. I will return the money as soon as possible. Nado: Don't worry. You can pay me slowly in 6 months. Kado: Thank you so much. (Kado leaves with cash Kado returns in 2 months, much before the given time) Kado: Thank you very much for your kind help. (Kado returns Nado Nu 10,000 and keeps one "yathra" (handloom woolen shawl from Bumthang, costing Nu 500 then) in front of Nado) Kado: Thank you once again. Nado: Are you sure you don't need the money? How is your wife? And why you have to bring "yathra"? It is so expensive these days. Kado: She is much better. We are from Bumthang. My wife says we should offer this “yathra” as a small token of our gratitude. It was lying at home. We did not buy. Kindly accept, we will feel nice. Nado: Ok. But you come again if you have any problem. And that time don't bring anything. (Nado thinks Kado might feel offended if he did not accept the gift) Kado: Yes, we will come. (both happy: Kado for his friend's kind help, and Nado for being of help to his friend)

Sounds untopian? Fast forward, here's latest

SCENE 2 (2019) Chendu: Sir, I have small problem. I have done some work and submitted my bill of Nu 20 lakhs.The accountant is on leave. He will come to office in about a month. Can I borrow Nu 1 lakh for a month? I will pay you 10% interest for a month. Dhendu: I don't have such big sum. You know I had to take my wife to Thimphu for treatment last year. Thimphu is such an expensive place, we even had to borrow from my brother. From where will I have 1 lakh? Chendu: Ah, yes someone told me about your wife . Actually I can manage with Nu 50,000. Just for one month. You are my friend. With 10% interest I will pay you Nu 55,000. You don't get such rate anywhere. Dhendu: I had Nu 50,000 but I had to give to my brother last month. He is planning to go to Australia. You need so much money to apply for visa, you know. Chendu: Sir, I really am in a problem. I would have had no problem but for this rascal accountant. I wanted Nu 50,000 but in this desperate situation I have to manage with Nu 20,000. Can you please lend me Nu 10,000? I will borrow additional Nu 10,000 from Nala . Now you cannot say you don't have even Nu 10,000. Dhendu: I will give you Nu 10,000 on one condition. Chendu: Whatever you say.  Dhendu: You give a cheque dated next month. Chendu: Of course, I'll give you. I was also thinking about it myself. (Chendu gives a cheque for Nu 10,000 and walks away with Nu 10,000 cash.  After 1 month the cheque bounces) Dhendu: Your cheque bounced. Can you pay my money? It’s one month now.  Chendu: Do you think I'll run away with your Nu 10,000? I will pay you later. (cuts the call) (After 1 week, Dhendu calls again Chendu) Chendu: I am busy. Why the hell do you call me again and again? Am I a thief?  (Dhendu calls later, no response...may be SIM changed...and feels sad how unscrupulous his friend has turned into!!)

Neither everyone was Kado/Nado then nor all are Chendus and Dhendus now. It's a reflection of societal moral values then and now. Some may think I am exaggerating. If you are a millennial, go and read it through with your dad/grand-dad. They may think the Scenes are a bit of exaggerations but will never ever say its false, its fake. They have "it" in their hearts, I guarantee. Yes, I have sprinkled some sweet/citrus juice on purpose...to exhibit the difference, the stark difference in moral standards, I can never swallow.

When and where did we exchange our human values (gratefulness, kindness, empathy, humility, modesty, sympathy, compassion...) so completely for money? Forty years have gone by, time has changed. More are into religion, more are educated. There seems no relationship between education (of any kind) and morality. Why "more education" does not knock some moral sense into the intellect? Why is education (throughout the world by and large), only turning in sycophants for powerful and wealthy? Humans have become cold, as cold as cold cash collected by all means, and sold their morality for cheap showmanship with no substance.

It is possible to be wealthy and of high moral characters, of high human values, of high class and dignity, and of high respect and responsibility. Wealth is not a sin when it is the testimony of your intelligence, your hard work, and the purity of your mind and soul. Without these wealth is a sin. Money is not a goal, it is just a mode. When money becomes your goal, you will not know when your wealth has turned into curse. Those poor human facades with twisted minds and rotten souls resting on curse will never ever understand the depth and dimensions of humankind, the likes  of Kado and Nado, their warm hearts and happiness!!

I pin this on our grandchildren generation, not yet in high school now. They are our hope and our future (despite decades of general stink and garbage), our real hope leading to increased awareness of reality, not escaping but sinking into reality, to redefine  life of success as one filled with peace, harmony, love, affection, kindness and compassion  against the failure of divide, hatred, desperation, corruption, evil and degeneration. Evil is an evil even if one is filthy rich and/or most powerful in this world. No body can resurrect evil, not even God (my strong belief)!!

For What It Is Worth

1.       In societies that are dominated by highly incompatible capability-earning nexus and  therefore lacking in economic openness, the shift of political economy towards centre-left is improbable. The policies and regulations are made that are imbalanced and government-centric right, and are formulated with no inputs whatsoever from public/civil societies. The programs and projects prepared by, and mostly with the governments are more skewed towards consolidating and centralizing bureaucratic hold, and self-serving the clandestine needs of individuals, groups, parties  and/or establishments than serving the overall interest of the nations. The bureaucrats therefore expect private sectors to 'serve' them. The private sectors are passive and do oblige deriving their own bootleg benefits. The perverse incentivisation and lack of strategic investment on system development and human capital obviously erode administrative capacity and capacity to implement. The public and/or civil society leverages for checks-and-balances remain far from reality. How can the private sectors be looked upon as equal development partners (or "engine of growth" as often parroted)?

2.        In current situation do I believe the public servants will make solid contribution in managing transitions to smooth and inclusive governance enabling a gradual political shifts to a point that is best suited for the nations today? Or for that matter and given the present day geopolitical realities, will they make efforts to find the most politically sound places to be? Why would those in comfort zones with very low/no accountabilities move and divest themselves of their almost eternal power/authorities/advantages that enable them procedural, policy, regulatory, systemic  and political corruptions for illicit benefits? Political handouts exacerbate polarization. Corruption is neither a necessity nor an obligation. It's a choice. One has to be either a stupid or a visionary to forego such discretionary choice. They are neither.  So given the differentials, where would the transformational driver of workforce change for innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship come from? Nowhere, in normal circumstances.

3.              But the time now is not normal by any standards. Make no mistake about it. The changes are coming without our being aware of their taking place. The way the three actors - government, commerce and civil society - share power to influence the actions of elected policy-makers and businesses will change substantially in future. The underpinnings are being entwined, public and/or civil society voices are resonating with more clout than ever before .... thanks to the era of social media, big data, analytics and artificial intelligence. These are likely to give further spur to public and/or civil societies on issues like civil liberties, better education systems, result-oriented actions with full accountabilities and others. The reason why some governments frequently seem to court them one day and vilify them in another. But the fact is neither the government nor the public can dictate the pace of the power-share shifts for policy making and business development.

4.              The areas that three actors will have to positively collaborate will include: (i) holding institutions, public as well as private, to account and promoting transparency including in finance; (ii) raising awareness of societal issues; (iii) delivering services to people to meet education, health, food and security needs; (iv) implementing disaster management, preparedness and emergency response; (v) bringing expert knowledge and experience to shape policy and strategy; (vi) giving power to the marginalized; and (vii) encouraging citizen engagement.

5.        The ability to raise concerns, influence government policies and create meaningful dialogue between policy-makers and the public will not come easy but will find their way through. More people than ever before are already able to inform the governments everyday about what they think is wrong and what is right (e.g., issues concerning civil service salary increase are live).  As more substantive issues will come and start to produce outcomes, more people will be motivated to take this route. On those accounts people will always be ahead and will have upper hand eventually. No doubt about it.

6.            Amnesty International, for example, is experimenting with a form of artificial intelligence (machine learning) looking into areas such as policing, criminal justice, the development of autonomous tools and its possible impacts on rights to work and earn a living. The WWF is developing aerial drone technology, animal tracking devices and infrared cameras to fight against illegal poaching of endangered species.

7.        Others have taken partnership approach. For example UNICEF has created bot software for young people to be engaged on social media platforms. Its U-Report is gaining impetus as a free SMS social monitoring tool, and assesses how young people feel about important issues based on responses to SMS polls and alerts. In 2015, U-Report helped uncover a scandal in which teachers were found to be exploiting children by awarding grades and pass marks in return for favours. Within 24 hours, 13,000 people responded that enabled appropriate action to be taken quickly. In another recent U-Report poll in three African nations, 94% of 34,000 children and young people called for concrete steps to end corruption and increase investment in services for children and their families. 

8.       President Barack Obama said "The challenge we have today in politics in every country is conforming facts to their opinions and biases, as opposed to shape their opinions based on facts." I am sure he was referring to far right political practice, more like an unwritten ideology. Even if it is ideology it is temporary, it cannot stand against the worldwide digital wave. Under the same tone Mr. Obama also said, "If you don't know what you stand for, what your values are and what you believe in; you also don't know what can be compromised and what can't be compromised, what is lasting values and what is situation and temporary."

9.            It is important to know what you stand for, what is lasting value and what is temporary. Temporary is temporary -- even if it is as big and alarming as far-rightist movement in the west that most believe is triggered by events that undermined faith in the mainstream parties and led to a far-left backlash -- and do not last. Everyone knows. We have the genes to cooperate, to remodel and harmonize peacefully and to weigh the costs of discord against its benefits. We must move smooth or will get moved  ruffled, for what it is worth!!!